Qutubuddin Aibak (1150-1210) was a prominent figure in Indian history, known for founding the Delhi Sultanate. Originally a Turkic slave, he rose to prominence under the Ghori dynasty and later became the first Sultan of Delhi after the death of his master, Muhammad Ghori, in 1206.

Achievements:

1. Foundation of the Delhi Sultanate: Aibak established the Mamluk Dynasty, also known as the Slave Dynasty, which marked the beginning of Muslim rule in Northern India.
2. Architectural Contributions: He commissioned the construction of the Qutub Minar in Delhi, which was named in his honour. Though he initiated the project, it was completed by his successor, Iltutmish. Additionally, he built the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, which is one of the oldest mosques in India.
3. Military Conquests: Aibak successfully expanded his territories, consolidating power in Delhi and the surrounding regions. His victories included campaigns in the regions of Rajasthan and Central India.

Reforms:

1. Administrative Reforms: Aibak implemented a robust administrative system based on the practices of the Ghori empire. He appointed provincial governors (Iqta’dars) to manage different regions, a practice that ensured efficient governance.
2. Revenue System: He introduced reforms in the revenue system, which included the assessment and collection of taxes. These reforms were aimed at stabilizing the economy and ensuring a steady flow of income to the state treasury.

Trivia and Lesser-Known Facts:

• Aibak was affectionately known as “Lakh Baksh” (the giver of lakhs) due to his generosity.
• Despite his military prowess, Aibak’s reign was relatively short, lasting only four years from 1206 to 1210.
• He died in a polo accident (referred to as “Chaugan” in Persian), which was a popular sport among the nobility of the time.
• Aibak’s legacy continued through his son-in-law and successor, Iltutmish, who further solidified the foundations laid by Aibak.

Qutubuddin Aibak’s contributions laid the groundwork for subsequent rulers of the Delhi Sultanate, shaping the cultural and political landscape of medieval India.