Active Voice is direct (John ate the apple). Passive Voice focuses on the object (The apple was eaten by John).

In Entrance Exams, you don’t need to rewrite sentences; you just need to spot the correct structure. This lesson gives you the “Mathematical Formula” to solve any voice question in 5 seconds.

1. The Golden Formula ()

Every Passive sentence MUST have two things:

1. A form of the verb “Be” (is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been).
2. The 3rd Form of the Main Verb ( / Past Participle).

The Transformation Chart (Memorize This):

Tense	Active Voice Rule	Passive Voice Rule
Simple Present	/ + s/es (investigates)	is/am/are + (is investigated)
Simple Past	(broke)	was/were + (was broken)
Continuous	is/are/was + -ing (is playing)	is/are/was + being + (is being played)
Perfect	has/have/had + (has broken)	has/have/had + been + (has been broken)
Modals	Can/Will/Should +	Can/Will/Should + be +

2. The “Interrogative” Trap (Who By Whom)

This is the most frequent question type in Law Entrances (Seen in AMU 2021 & JMI 2024).

• Rule: If the question starts with “Who”, the Passive MUST start with “By whom”.
• Structure:By whom + [Helping Verb] + [Object] + [V3]?
  • Active: Who has broken this jug?
  • Passive: By whom has this jug been broken? (AMU 2021)

3. The “Double Object” & Preposition Rules

• Fixed Prepositions: Never drop the preposition attached to a verb.
  • Active: They laughed at him.
  • Passive: He was laughed at by them.
• Structure Check: Always check if the Object has moved to the Subject position.
  • Active: Farmers sow maize.
  • Passive: Maize is sown by farmers. (AMU 2020)